28. List of spatial directions and direction-like relations

The following list of FAhA cmavo gives rough English glosses for the cmavo, first when used without “mo'i” to express a direction, and then when used with “mo'i” to express movement in the direction. When possible, the gismu from which the cmavo is derived is also listed.

cmavo   gismu   without mo'i        with mo'i
-----   -----   ------------        ---------
ca'u    crane   in front (of)       forward
ti'a    trixe   behind              backward
zu'a    zunle   on the left (of)    leftward
ri'u    pritu   on the right (of)   rightward
ga'u    gapru   above               upward(ly)
ni'a    cnita   below               downward(ly)
ne'i    nenri   within              into
ru'u    sruri   surrounding         orbiting
pa'o    pagre   transfixing         passing through
ne'a            next to             moving while next to
te'e            bordering           moving along the border (of)
re'o            adjacent (to)       along
fa'a    farna   towards             arriving at
to'o            away from           departing from
zo'i            inward (from)       approaching
ze'o            outward (from)      receding from
zo'a            tangential (to)     passing (by)
bu'u            coincident (with)   moving to coincide with
be'a    berti   north (of)          northward(ly)
ne'u    snanu   south (of)          southward(ly)
du'a    stuna   east (of)           eastward(ly)
vu'a            west (of)           westward(ly)
Special note on “fa'a”, “to'o”, “zo'i”, and “ze'o”:

“zo'i” and “ze'o” refer to direction towards or away from the speaker’s location, or whatever the origin is.

“fa'a” and “to'o” refer to direction towards or away from some other point.